THE THIRD CATLOG: CERAMICS EXTREMELY RARE CELADON CANDLE HOLDER OR INSERTER WITH INSCRIPTION OF IMPERIAL STOREHOUSE FROM TWO JING PERIOD
宋代青白釉观音 景德镇窑
瓷器收藏也是本馆藏品中重要部分。追求真实，重点突出有收藏意义，未必一定要盲目追求官窑。既收藏高古瓷器和民窑，也收藏官窑器。更重要的是靠常年锻炼的眼力和知识甄别罕见真品。先重点 介绍少见高古陶瓷，最后写重要官窑器。正计划把几件重要官窑器送世界权威机构英国牛津热释光检测中心进行检测。向大英博物馆学习，许多重要的中国瓷器都送牛津实验室作热释光检测。
Ceramics is the one of my important collections in which I focused more on historical sense, reality and rarity including old celadons and imperial porcelains. More importantly, I tried to identify the rare important items from fakes based on my years' experiences and eyesight. First of all, I will focus on the old rare celadons and following by imperial porcelains. I am planning to send several extremely rare pieces to do the thermoluminescence testing (TL test) by Oxford Authentication Ltd., the same as The British Museum did (they did all TL tests for their Chines ceramics).
No.1 第一件
十分罕见两晋时期青瓷猪型内府款烛台或插器
Extremely Rare Celadon Pig Candle Holder or Inserter With the Mark of “Imperial Storehouse" from Two Jin Dynasties
图一 青瓷猪型烛台（插器） 16 x 10 x 7 cm
图二 内府款，篆体。符合两晋时期铭文，接近汉代
初看，这是一件不起眼的猪型青瓷。仔细研究，才发现这是一件非常罕见的两晋时期的猪型烛台（或插器），也是目前唯一的一件猪型烛台。更为罕见的是其刻有”内府“铭文，它是陶瓷史上有”内府“款年代最早的一件实物。一般认为有内府款瓷器最早到宋代，但未见实物，目前见到内府款瓷器实物最早到元代，大多被各大博物馆收藏。这件青瓷猪型烛台实物证明”内府“款早已经出现在两晋时期。
青瓷动物造型烛台流行于魏晋时代，主要以羊型、狮型及熊型多见，罕见猴型。基本上都收藏在博物馆。猪型是目前唯一一件，属于稀有。其实中国先民是非常崇拜猪，五千年前的玉猪龙是龙的雏形，属于中华瑰宝，商周青铜器也有猪尊造型。
内府一词泛指朝廷或亲王一级内务机构，而非民间可及，西周已有内府之称。目前能见到的最早实物是西汉中山靖王墓出土青铜器上刻有”中山内府“。
该猪型青瓷烛台实属罕见，可以看作一件孤品，其有四个罕见原因。第一，唯一一件两晋时期猪型青瓷烛台；第二， 唯一一件有铭文内府款的青瓷烛台；第三，唯一一件内府款陶瓷年代最早的实物；第四，唯一一件以篆体刻的内府二字，符合当时的文字形式。而目前看到的元明时期的内府款均是宋体。以上四个因素没有第二件。
It looks like a common celadon pig at the first glance at it. However, it caught my big attention by its appearance and inscriptions. I realized this is an extremely rare celadon pig candle holder from Two Jin Dynasty, especially the mark of "Imperial Storehouse" that is the only one shown on celadon candle holder and the oldest mark of "Imperial Storehouse" on ceramics after seriously studies. Generally, people believe the earliest mark of "Imperial Storehouse" on ceramics was from Song Dynasty but no real item found. We can see the earliest items were from Yuan and Ming Dynasties and most of them are in big museums. This piece I collected demonstrates the earliest mark of "Imperial Storehouse" on ceramics is from Two Jin Dynasties.
The celadon animal candle holders were popular during Two Jin period and the most of them were ships, lions and some bears, and extremely rare monkey (only one found). Most of them are in museums. The celadon pig candle holder (or inserter) I collected is the only piece found so far and extremely rare. Actually, pig as a dragon god was respected by antient Chinese people 5000 years ago. The "Jade pig dragon“ as the Chines treasure was the sample of beginner of dragons.
Generally, the mark of "Imperial Storehouse" stands for the system controlled by imperial officers, instead of common people. The literature from Zhou Dynasty have mentioned the "Imperial storehouse" and the oldest sample shown the "Imperial storehouse" were on the bronze items unearthed from the tomb of Zhongshan Prince Jingwang of West Han Dynasty.
This piece is extremely rare and no more second one found because of four facts: 1). only one of the pig celadon candle holder (or inserter) from Two Jin Dynasties; 2). only one with the mark of "Imperial Storehouse" on celadon candle holders (or inserter); 3). only one shown the earliest mark of "Imperial Storehouse" in Chinese ceramics history; 4). only one with the "seal script" mark that is very important to match the character style during Two Jin Dynasties (all marks of "Imperial Storehouse" we have seen in the museums are Song style because they were from Yuan or Ming dynasties). No second one could match above facts.
图三
图四 底部
图五 各博物馆藏品
图六 故宫博物院展品
图七 罕见猴型青瓷插器， 头顶有一小插口
图八 对比西汉中山靖王墓出土铜器铭文， 二者都是篆体款， 符合汉晋时期铭文
图九
图十
图十一
图十二
图九至图十二是被各大博物馆收藏的 “内府”款瓷器，都是元代或明代的，都是宋体款。全世界内府款瓷器大概10余件左右，台北故宫有一件，山东博物馆有一件， 还有两件拍卖品，私人收藏的很少。作者收藏的这件青瓷猪型内府款烛台（或插器) 是有确切内府款年代最早的陶瓷器，非常罕有，重在历史意义。
Fig. 9 to Fig. 12 show most important porcelains with the marks of "Imperial Storehouse" collected by famous museums in which they are all from Yuan or Ming Dynasties. All marks are Song style characters. Probably there are about a little bit over ten pieces in the world, including one in Taibei Palace Museum, one in Shandong Museum and other two pieces from auctions. Very few are collected by private collectors. The one I collected is the earliest mark of "Imperial Storehouse" on Chinese ceramics, extremely rare and a historical sample.
猪在中国先民5000多年前的红山文化时期被供奉为龙，出土不少玉猪龙，已经是最早龙的雏形。商周时期也继续右青铜猪尊。到了两晋时期选用青瓷猪型插器作为”内府“用器就不足为奇了。
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